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NEW QUESTION # 19
Which of the following allows a developer to define accurate unit tests focused on business needs?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Behavior-Driven Development
- B. Acceptance Test-Driven Development
- C. Design-Driven Development
- D. Test-Driven Development
Answer: A
Explanation:
Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) allows developers to define accurate unit tests focused on business needs by bridging the communication gap between technical and non-technical team members. BDD uses scenarios in plain language that describe the behavior of the application from the end-user's perspective, ensuring that the development focus remains on delivering features that provide real value to the business.
NEW QUESTION # 20
Which of the following statements would you expect to be the MOST direct advantage of the whole-team approach?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Reducing the involvement of business representatives because of the increased communication and collaboration between testers and developers.
- B. Having at least once a day an automated build and test process that detects integration errors early and quickly.
- C. Capitalizing on the combined skills of business representatives, testers and developers working together to contribute to project success.
- D. Avoiding requirements misunderstandings which may not have been detected until later in the development cycle when they are more expensive to fix.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 21
You are a tester in an agile team. The user story you are due to test is still under development so your tests are blocked. The main issue holding progress on this user story is that the developer's unit tests are constantly failing.
As an agile tester, which of the following actions should you take?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Review the design of the problematic user story and improve it where possible.
- B. Use the time to improve and automate existing test cases of other user stories.
- C. Work together with the developer, suggesting reasons why the tests are failing.
- D. Create a bug report for each of your blocked tests.
Answer: C
Explanation:
In Agile teams, collaboration and direct communication are key. When faced with blocked tests due to ongoing development or failing unit tests, an agile tester should collaborate with the developer to identify and resolve the issues. This approach encourages teamwork, knowledge sharing, and problem-solving, leading to more efficient and effective resolution of blocking issues.
NEW QUESTION # 22
Which of the following is NOT a statement of value from the Agile Manifesto?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. software over comprehensive documentation.
- B. Processes and tools over individuals and interactions.
- C. Customer collaboration over contract negotiation.
- D. Responding to change over following a plan.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Agile Manifesto, a foundational document for Agile development, outlines four core values intended to guide Agile practices. Option C, "Processes and tools over individuals and interactions," is not a statement of value from the Agile Manifesto. In fact, the correct value stated in the Agile Manifesto is the opposite: "Individuals and interactions over processes and tools." The Agile Manifesto values are as follows:
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
Responding to change over following a plan
These values emphasize the importance of people, collaboration, adaptability, and the delivery of functional software in Agile development. The manifesto suggests that while processes, tools, documentation, contracts, and plans have their place, they should not overshadow the importance of human elements, effective collaboration, and responsiveness to change.
Option C is the verified answer because it misrepresents the Agile Manifesto's values by prioritizing processes and tools over individuals and interactions, which contradicts the manifesto's emphasis on the latter. This understanding is crucial for implementing Agile practices that align with the manifesto's intent to foster more adaptive, people-oriented, and customer-focused approaches to software development.
NEW QUESTION # 23
You are working on an Agile project and have been asked to implement exploratory testing for the current sprint. Which one of the following is a correct approach to adopt?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Ask experienced testers to prepare test charters for time boxed sessions lasting no more than 2 hours. Tests should be designed and executed within each session using heuristics, creativity and intuition.
- B. Use testers who have not been involved in the sprint to write new test cases from the user stories. These test cases are then executed in a time boxed session for the sprint.
- C. Allocate independent testers to design exploratory tests using test charters in time boxed sessions. Plan to run all sessions in parallel with each session lasting more than 5 hours.
- D. Ask experienced testers to try and find new defects by using the system without the constraint of documentation and tools.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Exploratory testing in an agile environment involves the creative and intuitive testing of software without the constraints of predefined test cases. Time-boxed sessions, typically not exceeding 2 hours, are used to maintain focus and efficiency. Test charters guide these sessions, providing direction while still allowing for flexibility and adaptability in testing approaches. This method leverages the skills and experience of testers to uncover issues that might not be identified through traditional scripted testing, aligning with the agile emphasis on individuals and interactions over processes and tools.
NEW QUESTION # 24
Which of the following statements about a test charter are CORRECT?
i) It is used mainly in exploratory tests.
ii) It is used to monitor a test process.
iii) It may make reference to user stories.
iv) It contains notes taken during a test session.
v) It is used to outline the company test policy.
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. ii, iv, v
- B. i, iii, iv
- C. ii, iii, iv
- D. ii. v
Answer: B
Explanation:
A test charter is primarily used in exploratory testing (i) to guide the test session with a clear mission or objective, which might be related to specific functionalities, user stories, or areas of the application, making reference to user stories (iii) plausible. It also contains notes taken during the test session (iv), which are crucial for documenting observations, anomalies, and insights gained during exploratory testing. This approach aligns with Agile's emphasis on individuals and interactions and responding to change, as exploratory testing is inherently adaptive and relies on the tester's skill, creativity, and intuition. It contrasts with more traditional, documentation-heavy approaches, emphasizing the value of working software and collaboration.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which of the following statements about Agile retrospectives is CORRECT?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. During Agile retrospectives, testers should be encouraged to provide constructive suggestions only on non-testing activities.
- B. Unlike working sessions or meetings held in non Agile projects, Agile retrospectives do not require follow-up activities.
- C. Agile retrospectives should be focused mainly on impediments that are outside the control of the team because these issues are more challenging.
- D. In an Agile retrospective the moderator can encourage and make sure that good practices are kept by the team, by asking what the team is doing well.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 26
Which tasks are typically performed by a tester on an Agile project?
i) Implementing test strategy.
ii) Documenting business requirements.
iii) Measuring and reporting test coverage.
iv) Coaching development team in relevant aspects of testing.
v) Executing test-driven development tests.
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. ii, iv, v
- B. i, iii
- C. i, iii, iv
- D. ii, v
Answer: C
Explanation:
In an agile project, testers often perform tasks beyond traditional testing roles, including implementing test strategy (i), measuring and reporting test coverage (iii), and coaching the development team on relevant aspects of testing (iv). Implementing test strategy involves planning how testing will be conducted within the agile framework, ensuring that testing aligns with agile principles and practices. Measuring and reporting test coverage help the team understand the extent to which the codebase is tested, which is crucial for maintaining quality in fast-paced agile environments. Coaching the development team involves sharing knowledge on testing best practices and fostering a quality-centric mindset across the team. These activities contribute to the collaborative and iterative nature of agile projects, where continuous feedback and improvement are emphasized.
NEW QUESTION # 27
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding early and frequent feedback?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Early feedback promotes early discovery and resolution of quality problems.
- B. Early feedback provides the Agile team with information on its productivity.
- C. Early feedback helps to deliver a product that better reflects what the customer wants.
- D. Early feedback decreases the amount of time needed for system testing.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Early and frequent feedback is fundamental in Agile methodologies to ensure the product meets customer needs and to identify and resolve issues promptly. However, the statement that early feedback decreases the time needed for system testing (Option C) is misleading. While early feedback helps in identifying and resolving issues at an early stage, it does not necessarily reduce the overall time required for system testing. System testing is a comprehensive phase that assesses the system's compliance with the specified requirements. Agile practices, such as continuous integration and testing, aim to maintain a high quality throughout the development process, but they do not eliminate the need for thorough system testing to validate the product before release.
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which of the following is NOT a typical task performed by the tester within an Agile team?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Ensuring the appropriate testing tasks are scheduled during iteration planning.
- B. Working with business stakeholders to clarify requirements.
- C. Suggesting improvements in team retrospectives.
- D. Ensuring all project status meetings are held according to the plan.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 29
Consider an online application that allows registered users to pay the annual car tax based on the vehicle's engine power in kW. Given the following user story:
"As a customer I need the online application to calculate the annual car tax amount that I need to pay for my car":
- If the power of the vehicle is less than 20 kW, then the annual car tax is free
- If the power of the vehicle is more or equal than 20 kW but less or equal than 150 kW, then the annual car tax is 250 Euros
- If the power of the vehicle is more than 150 kW, then the annual car tax is 750 Euros" What is the MOST suitable use of a black-box test design technique for this user story?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Equivalence partitioning. Test the annual car tax value for the following partitions: [power of the vehicle<20 kW; 20 kW ?power of the vehicle?! 50 kW; power of the vehicle>150 kW]
- B. State transition testing. Test the transitions between the following states: logging In. inserting the power of the vehicle, making payment, logging out
- C. Use case testing.
Test the following use case (Actor=registered user):
Pre-condition=registered user logged in
Scenario=registered user inserts the power of the vehicle, making payment and logs out Post-condition=car tax paid and registered user logged out - D. Decision table testing. Test the following conditions:
Condltions=reglstered user logged In; inserted power of the vehlcle=20kW; Action=Car tax paid
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 30
Iteration planning for Sprint 5 of your current project is complete. The plan for the sprint is to increase performance of the system, which of the following acceptance criteria would you expect for Sprint 5?
i) User access for all roles has been validated.
ii) A static analysis tool has been executed for all code.
iii) 100% of the existing regression test suite has passed.
Iv) System is responding In less than 3 seconds, 90% of the time.
v) A new version of Internet Explorer has been included.
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. iv, v
- B. i, iii
- C. ii, v
- D. iii, iv
Answer: D
Explanation:
The acceptance criteria for a sprint focused on improving the performance of a system, like the one described for Sprint 5, typically include ensuring that the system meets specific performance benchmarks and that the functionality implemented in previous sprints continues to work as expected. Therefore, the most relevant acceptance criteria for such a sprint would be:
iii) "100% of the existing regression test suite has passed." This criterion ensures that the new performance enhancements have not adversely affected the existing functionalities of the system. It's a common practice in agile projects to maintain the integrity and quality of the system by running regression tests. This is supported by the notion that continuous testing and quality assurance are integral components of agile methodologies, ensuring that each increment of the project maintains and improves the quality of the product (Source: Agile Project Management methodologies).
iv) "System is responding in less than 3 seconds, 90% of the time." This criterion directly addresses the goal of the sprint, which is to increase the performance of the system. Setting a specific target for response times is a quantifiable and testable way to measure the improvement in performance. This aligns with agile principles, which emphasize delivering valuable, working software and encourage adaptive planning and continuous improvement. Performance targets like these help the team focus on delivering specific, valuable improvements to the system (Source: Principles behind the Agile Manifesto).
Options i) and v) are less relevant to the specific focus of Sprint 5, which is on performance improvement, and more about user roles and software compatibility, which are not directly tied to the performance objectives of the sprint. Therefore, options iii) and iv) constitute the most appropriate acceptance criteria for Sprint 5, focusing on ensuring that the system's performance meets the set benchmarks without compromising existing functionalities.
NEW QUESTION # 31
You have been asked to explain to your client how to define acceptance criteria that are fully testable. Which of the following is the BEST EXAMPLE for testable acceptance criteria?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. The ID field must accept input value of a length between 2 and 10 characters.
- B. The program's icon should be clear and attractive.
- C. Action "Reopen' must be available only for a user with a specific authorization level.
- D. The interface to External System shall be specified.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 32
Which agile development approach incorporates the following practices:
- a project is divided into iterations called sprints
- each sprint results in a potentially releasable/shippable product?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Kanban
- B. Scrum
- C. Extreme Programming
- D. Continuous Integration
Answer: B
Explanation:
Scrum is the agile development approach that incorporates the practice of dividing a project into iterations called sprints, with each sprint resulting in a potentially releasable/shippable product. Scrum's iterative and incremental approach allows teams to deliver working software frequently, with a focus on delivering tangible value to the customer at the end of each sprint.
NEW QUESTION # 33
Which two of the following statements are CORRECT with regards to test automation on agile projects?
i) Every test developed for past iterations is kept and executed as part of a regression suite for each new release of code.
ii) It would be very difficult to ensure high quality in an agile project without test automation.
iii) Automated acceptance tests are run regularly as part of the continuous integration full system build.
iv) Automated regression suites are only run for the final release of code.
v) In agile projects, the results from automated acceptance tests provide feedback on the overall product quality.
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. i, iii
- B. iii, iv
- C. ii. v
- D. ii, iii
Answer: D
Explanation:
In Agile projects, test automation plays a crucial role in maintaining high quality and accommodating the rapid pace of iterative development. Statement ii highlights the difficulty of ensuring high quality without test automation, given Agile's frequent changes and fast iterations. Test automation facilitates continuous testing, allowing teams to quickly identify and address issues. Statement iii, regarding automated acceptance tests being part of continuous integration, underscores the Agile practice of integrating and testing changes regularly to ensure that the product evolves correctly with each iteration. This practice aligns with the principles of Agile methodologies that advocate for sustainable development, continuous attention to technical excellence, and good design to enhance agility.
NEW QUESTION # 34
Which of the following sentences about the integration of development and testing activities in Agile projects is INCORRECT?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Testers replace developers in writing unit test automation scripts.
- B. Developers write acceptance criteria and test cases, together with testers.
- C. Developers and testers may work as a pair to develop and test a feature.
- D. While developers develop automated unit test scripts, testers write automated system level tests.
Answer: A
Explanation:
In Agile projects, the integration of development and testing activities involves close collaboration between developers and testers, but it does not typically involve testers replacing developers in writing unit test automation scripts. Agile methodologies, such as Scrum and XP (Extreme Programming), encourage developers to write their own unit tests as part of the Test-Driven Development (TDD) process. Testers often focus on higher-level testing activities, such as acceptance testing and exploratory testing, and may work alongside developers to enhance test coverage and effectiveness. The incorrect statement about testers replacing developers in writing unit test automation scripts contradicts the Agile principle of developers being responsible for the quality of their code, which includes writing and maintaining unit tests.
NEW QUESTION # 35
Which of the following describes the main purpose of a task management tool in agile projects?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. A task management tool allows developers to continuously integrate their code.
- B. A task management tool is used to store source code and automated tests.
- C. A task management tool is used to manage and track user stories, tests and other tasks.
- D. A task management tool is used by team members to share ideas and collaborate on assigned tasks.
Answer: C
Explanation:
In agile projects, task management tools play a crucial role in facilitating project management and team collaboration. Specifically, option C accurately describes the primary function of a task management tool in agile contexts. These tools are designed to manage and track various elements of agile projects, including user stories, tests, tasks, and more, thereby enabling teams to maintain visibility and control over the project's progress.
Agile methodologies prioritize adaptability, customer collaboration, and the delivery of value through iterative development cycles. Task management tools support these principles by providing a platform for organizing work, prioritizing tasks, and ensuring that all team members are aligned on the project's objectives and progress. This alignment is essential for maintaining the agility and responsiveness characteristic of agile projects.
For example, the Scrum framework, a popular agile methodology, involves creating a product backlog that contains all the user stories and tasks needed for the project. The task management tool would be used to track these items through various stages of development, from the backlog to in-progress, testing, and completion. This tracking ensures that the team can adapt to changes, manage workloads effectively, and deliver increments of value to the customer consistently.
In summary, option C is the verified answer as it encapsulates the essential purpose of a task management tool in agile projects, which is to manage and track user stories, tests, and other tasks, thereby supporting the agile principles of adaptability, customer collaboration, and iterative delivery of value.
NEW QUESTION # 36
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