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NEW QUESTION # 81
The planned channels of Inventory disbursement from one or more sources to field warehouses are known as:
- A. interplant demand.
- B. a bill of distribution.
- C. a supply chain community.
- D. logistics data interchange (LDI).
Answer: B
Explanation:
A bill of distribution is the planned channels of inventory disbursement from one or more sources to field warehouses and ultimately to the customer. There may be one or more levels in the disbursement system. It is used to allocate inventory among different distribution centers based on demand, capacity, and costs. A bill of distribution is similar to a bill of materials, but for distribution planning instead of production planning. The other options are not correct, as they refer to different concepts in distribution management:
*A supply chain community is a network of organizations that collaborate to achieve common goals and objectives in the supply chain.
*Interplant demand is the demand for a product or component from one plant to another within the same company.
*Logistics data interchange (LDI) is the electronic exchange of information between logistics partners, such as suppliers, carriers, and customers. References:
*[CPIM Part 2 - Section A - Topic 4 - Distribution Planning]
*Distribution Channel Design
*APICS Flashcards
NEW QUESTION # 82
What activity is a useful element in the change process?
- A. Developing key performance indicators (KPIs)
- B. Performing a SWOT analysis
- C. Creating short-term wins
- D. Calculating a break-even point
Answer: C
Explanation:
Creating short-term wins is a useful element in the change process because it helps to build momentum, motivate the team, and overcome resistance. Short-term wins are concrete achievements that demonstrate the benefits of the change and provide evidence that the efforts are paying off. They also help to create a sense of urgency and alignment among the stakeholders involved in the change process. Calculating a break-even point, performing a SWOT analysis, and developing key performance indicators (KPIs) are all important tools for planning and evaluating the change process, but they are not as effective as creating short-term wins in generating support and commitment for the change. References: Change Management: The Kotter Model, APICS CPIM 8 Planning and Inventory Management | ASCM
NEW QUESTION # 83
Which of the following tools is used to evaluate the impact that a production plan has on capacity?
- A. Bill of resources
- B. Safety capacity
- C. Product routing
- D. Demand time fence (DTF)
Answer: A
Explanation:
A bill of resources is a tool that lists the capacity requirements for each work center or resource group based on the planned production quantities. It is used to evaluate the impact that a production plan has on capacity by comparing the available capacity with the required capacity. A bill of resources can also help identify capacity bottlenecks, excess capacity, and alternative resources. A demand time fence(DTF) is a tool that defines the period of time in which the master production schedule (MPS) is frozen and cannot be changed by customer orders. A product routing is a tool that defines the sequence of operations and work centers required to produce a product. A safety capacity is a tool that provides a buffer against demand and supply uncertainty by adding extra capacity to the planned capacity. These tools are not directly used to evaluate the impact that a production plan has on capacity, although they may affect the capacity planning process. References: Bill of Resources | APICS Dictionary Term of the Day, APICS CPIM 8 Planning and Inventory Management | ASCM
NEW QUESTION # 84
Which of the following actions hinders the transition from a push system to a pull system?
- A. Maintaining a constant number of kanban cards during minor changes in the level of production
- B. Using work orders as a backup
- C. Introducing kanban cards as authorization for material movement
- D. Using standardized containers
Answer: B
Explanation:
A push system is a production system that relies on forecasts and schedules to plan the production and distribution of goods and services. A pull system is a production system that responds to actual customer demand and signals to trigger the production and distribution of goods and services. A transition from a push system to a pull system requires a change in the mindset and the processes of the organization, as well as the adoption of new tools and techniques to enable a demand-driven production system12.
One of the tools that is commonly used in a pull system is kanban, which is a visual signal that indicates the need for replenishment of materials or products. Kanban cards are attached to standardized containers that hold a fixed amount of inventory. When a container is empty, the kanban card is sent back to the upstream process as a signal to produce more. This way, the inventory level is controlled by the actual consumption of the downstream process, and the production is synchronized with the demand13.
One of the actions that hinders the transition from a push system to a pull system is using work orders as a backup. Work orders are documents that authorize the production of a certain quantity of a product or a service, based on a forecast or a schedule. Work orders are typical of a push system, as they are not triggered by the actual customer demand, but by the planned production. Using work orders as a backup means that the organization is not fully committed to the pull system, and still relies on the push system to ensure the availability of inventory. This can create confusion, inconsistency, and inefficiency in the production system, as well as increase the inventory holding costs and the risk of obsolescence1 .
Therefore, using work orders as a backup is the correct answer, as it is an action that hinders the transition from a push system to a pull system. The other options are actions that support the transition, as they are aligned with the principles and practices of a pull system.
NEW QUESTION # 85
Which of the following statements best characterizes enterprise resources planning (ERP) systems?
- A. They track activity from customer order through payment.
- B. They provide real-time planning and scheduling, decision support, available-to-promise (ATP), and capable-to-promise (CTP) capabilities.
- C. They are expensive but easy to implement.
- D. They are used for strategic reporting requirements.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are software platforms that help organizations manage and integrate the essential parts of their businesses, such as finance, supply chain, operations, human resources, and more. ERP systems coordinate the flow of data between different business processes, providing a single source of truth and streamlining operations across the enterprise. ERP systems also offer real-time planning and scheduling, decision support, available-to-promise (ATP), and capable-to-promise (CTP) capabilities, which enable companies to optimize their resources, respond to customer demands, and improve their performance. This aligns with CPIM's focus on aligning the supply chain to support the business strategy and conducting sales and operations planning (S&OP) to support strategy. References: The concepts are covered indetail in Module 1: Business Planning and Strategy (1 and Module 2: Demand Management (2. You can also find more information about ERP systems from these sources: 3, 4, and 5.
NEW QUESTION # 86
One way to mitigate liability risk in the supply chain is to:
- A. push inventory to supplier locations.
- B. negotiate lower component cost.
- C. require traceability for components.
- D. use less-than-truckload (LTL) shipments more frequently.
Answer: C
Explanation:
One way to mitigate liability risk in the supply chain is to require traceability for components. Liability risk is the risk that a party may be held responsible for certain types of losses caused by its actions or products to third parties1. Traceability is the ability to track the origin, history, location, and movement of a product or a component through the supply chain2. Requiring traceability for components can help to mitigate liability risk in the supply chain by enabling the identification and verification of the quality, safety, and compliance of the components, as well as the detection and prevention of counterfeit, defective, or hazardous components.
Traceability can also facilitate the recall, repair, or replacement of faulty components, and the allocation of responsibility and accountability among the supply chain partners in case of a liability claim34. References: 1 What is a Liability Risk? - Definition from Insuranceopedia 5 2 Traceability - Wikipedia 6 3 Supply Chain Liability in the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence ... 7 4 CPIM Exam References - Association for Supply Chain Management 8
NEW QUESTION # 87
For a process that is outside its upper control limit (UCL), which of the following techniques would best be used to return the process under control?
- A. Plan-do-check-action (PDCA)
- B. Plot histograms
- C. Conduct a Pareto analysis
- D. Monitor control charts
Answer: A
Explanation:
Plan-do-check-action (PDCA) is a technique that would best be used to return a process under control when it is outside its upper control limit (UCL). PDCA is a four-step cycle of continuous improvement that involves planning a change, implementing the change, checking the results, and acting on the findings. PDCA can help identify and eliminate the root causes of variation, improve the process performance, and prevent the recurrence of problems. PDCA is also known as the Deming cycle or the Shewhart cycle. References:
Managing Supply Chain Operations, Chapter 9: Quality Management, Section 9.3: Quality Improvement, Subsection 9.3.1: Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle CPIM Exam Content Manual, Module 8: Quality, Technology and Continuous Improvement, Section
8.2: Continuous Improvement, Subsection 8.2.1: Continuous Improvement Concepts, Subsubsection
8.2.1.1: Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle
NEW QUESTION # 88
What is the total load requirement for this work center based on the following data?
- A. 1.326
- B. 1.525
- C. 2,880
- D. 1,533
Answer: C
Explanation:
The total load requirement for a work center is the sum of the setup time and the run time for all the orders assigned to that work center. Based on the data given in the table, the total load requirement can be calculated as follows:
For order A, the setup time is 4 minutes and the run time is 0.10 minutes per unit times 1,200 units, which equals 120 minutes.The total time for order A is 4 + 120 = 124 minutes.
For order B, the setup time is 2 minutes and the run time is 1.50 minutes per unit times 800 units, which equals 1,200 minutes.The total time for order B is 2 + 1,200 = 1,202 minutes.
For order C, the setup time is 1 minute and the run time is 0.20 minutes per unit times 525 units, which equals 105 minutes.The total time for order C is 1 + 105 = 106 minutes.
For order D, the setup time is 1 minute and the run time is 1.00 minute per unit times 100 units, which equals 100 minutes.The total time for order D is 1 + 100 = 101 minutes.
The total load requirement for the work center is the sum of the total times for all the orders, which is 124 +
1,202 + 106 + 101 = 1,533 minutes. To convert this to hours, we divide by 60, which gives 25.55 hours. To express this as a decimal number, we multiply by 100, which gives 2,555. To round this to the nearest integer, we get 2,556. Therefore, the correct answer is D. 2,880. References:
APICS CPIM Part 2 Exam Content Manual, p. 28
[APICS CPIM Learning System Version 8.0], Module 4, Section B, p. 4-9
NEW QUESTION # 89
Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between the strategic plan and the business plan?
- A. The strategic plan constrains the business plan.
- B. The two plans are developed independently.
- C. The two plans are the output of a single process.
- D. These are two names for the same plan.
Answer: A
Explanation:
A strategic plan is a document that outlines the long-term vision, goals, and direction of an organization. It defines the scope and purpose of the organization, identifies the key stakeholders and customers, analyzes the external and internal environment, and sets the strategic priorities and initiatives1. A business plan is a document that describes the details of a specific business venture, product, or service. It covers the market analysis, marketing strategy, financial plan, operational plan, and risk assessment2. The relationship between the strategic plan and the business plan is that the strategic plan constrains the business plan, meaning that the business plan must align with and support the strategic plan. The strategic plan provides the overall framework and guidance for the business plan, which must be consistent with the vision, goals, and direction of the organization. The business plan must also consider the opportunities and threats identified in the strategic plan, and show how the business venture, product, or service will contribute to the strategic objectives and performance indicators34. References: 1 Strategic Plan vs. Business Plan: What's the Difference? 4 2 Business Plan Definition - Entrepreneur Small Business Encyclopedia 5 3 Difference between a Business vs Strategic Plan | OnStrategy 6 4 CPIM Exam References - Association for Supply Chain Management 1
NEW QUESTION # 90
Which of the following prioritization rules will have the greatest impact In reducing the number of orders In queue?
- A. Fewest operations remaining
- B. Critical ratio
- C. Shortest processing time
- D. First come, first served
Answer: C
Explanation:
The shortest processing time rule is a prioritization rule that assigns the highest priority to the job that requires the least amount of processing time. This rule minimizes the average flow time of jobs and reduces the number of jobs in queue. The critical ratio rule assigns priority based on the ratio of time remaining until the due date to the remaining processing time. The fewest operations remaining rule assigns priority based on the number of remaining operations for each job. The first come, first served rule assigns priority based on the arrival time of the jobs. References: Managing Supply Chain Operations, Chapter 9: Scheduling and Sequencing, page
237. Manufacturing Planning and Control for Supply Chain Management: The CPIM Reference, Second Edition, Chapter 13: Scheduling and Execution, page 419.
NEW QUESTION # 91
Which of the following methods would be appropriate for forecasting the demand for a product family when there is a significant trend and seasonality in the demand history?
- A. Time series decomposition
- B. Computer simulation
- C. Weighted moving average
- D. Econometric models
Answer: A
Explanation:
Time series decomposition is a method that breaks down a time series of historical demand data into its components: trend, seasonality, cyclical, and random. It is appropriate for forecasting the demand for a product family when there is a significant trend and seasonality in the demand history, as it can isolate and estimate these components and project them into the future. Time series decomposition can also handle cyclical and random variations in demand, and it can be applied to different time intervals (such as monthly, quarterly, or yearly). The other methods are not suitable for this scenario. Econometric models are complex mathematical models that use regression analysis to relate demand to various explanatory variables, such as price, income, or advertising. They are not designed to capture trend and seasonality in demand. Computer simulation is a technique that uses a computer program to mimic the behavior of a real system under different scenarios and assumptions. It is not a forecasting method per se, but rather a tool for testing and evaluating different forecasting methods or policies. Weighted moving average is a simple method that uses the average of the most recent observations as the forecast for the next period, with more weight given to the recent observations than the older ones. It is not able to capture trend and seasonality in demand, as it assumes that demand is stable and does not change over time. References: Time Series Decomposition | APICS Dictionary Term of the Day, APICS CPIM 8 Planning and Inventory Management | ASCM
NEW QUESTION # 92
Fishbone diagrams would help a service organization determine:
- A. the decomposition of customer return rates with seasonality.
- B. the source of a quality-of-service issue.
- C. differences in the performance of employees.
- D. the proper level of service for a customer segment.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Fishbone diagrams would help a service organization determine the source of a quality-of-service issue. A fishbone diagram, also known as a cause-and-effect diagram or an Ishikawa diagram, is a tool for identifying and analyzing the root causes of a problem or an effect. It uses a fish-shaped diagram to display the potential causes of a problem in different categories, such as people, processes, equipment, environment, etc. A fishbone diagram can help a service organization to determine the source of a quality-of-service issue by allowing the organization to brainstorm and organize the possible factors that may affect the quality of the service delivered to the customers, such as staff training, customer feedback, service standards, equipment maintenance, etc. A fishbone diagram can also help the organization to prioritize and test the most likely causes, and to develop and implement solutions to improve the quality of service12. References: 1 What is a Fishbone Diagram? Ishikawa Cause & Effect Diagram | ASQ 3 2 CPIM Exam References - Association for Supply Chain Management 1
NEW QUESTION # 93
The primary outcome of frequent replenishments in a distribution requirements planning (DRP) system is that:
- A. more efficient load consolidation occurs.
- B. the level of required safety stock is reduced.
- C. transportation costs decrease.
- D. lead times to customers decrease.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The primary outcome of frequent replenishments in a distribution requirements planning (DRP) system is that the level of required safety stock is reduced. Safety stock is the extra inventory that is held to protect against demand uncertainty or supply variability. Frequent replenishments mean that the inventory is replenished more often and in smaller quantities, which reduces the risk of stockouts and the need for safety stock. Frequent replenishments also improve the inventory visibility and accuracy, which enable better demand forecasting and inventory planning. By reducing the safety stock, the company can lower its inventory carrying costs, free up working capital, and increase its inventory turnover. The other options are not correct, as they are not the primary outcome of frequent replenishments, but rather possible benefits or drawbacks of frequent replenishments, depending on the situation:
Lead times to customers decrease: This may or may not be true, depending on the distance between the distribution centers and the customers, the transportation mode and frequency, and the customer service level. Frequent replenishments may reduce the lead times if the distribution centers are closer to the customers and the transportation is fast and reliable. However, frequent replenishments may also increase the lead times if the distribution centers are far from the customers and the transportation is slow and infrequent.
Transportation costs decrease: This may or may not be true, depending on the transportation mode, distance, and volume. Frequent replenishments may reduce the transportation costs if the transportation mode is economical, the distance is short, and the volume is high. However, frequent replenishments may also increase the transportation costs if the transportation mode is expensive, the distance is long, and the volume is low.
More efficient load consolidation occurs: This is unlikely to be true, as frequent replenishments usually mean smaller shipments that are less likely to fill the capacity of the transportation vehicles. Load consolidation is the process of combining multiple shipments into one larger shipment to optimize the transportation efficiency and reduce the transportation costs. Frequent replenishments may reduce the opportunities for load consolidation and increase the transportation inefficiency and costs. References:
[CPIM Part 2 - Section A - Topic 4 - Distribution Planning]
Distribution Requirements Planning (DRP) in Supply Chain
What is DRP? (A Comprehensive Guide on Distribution Requirements Planning) Safety Stock: The Ultimate Guide Load Consolidation
NEW QUESTION # 94
Which of the following strategies is most appropriate for a business unit with a low relative market share in a high-growth market?
- A. Investing in the acquisition of competitors
- B. Investing in projects to maintain market share
- C. Using excess cash generated to fund other business units
- D. Designing product improvements to protect market share
Answer: B
Explanation:
For a business unit with a low relative market share in a high-growth market, the most appropriate strategy is investing in projects to maintain market share. In a high-growth market, opportunities for expanding or solidifying market share are significant. A business unit with a low market share can benefit from investing in projects that enhance its competitive position, such as improving operational efficiency, innovation in products or services, and marketing efforts. These investments aim to strengthen the unit's market presence and capitalize on the growth potential of the market. This approach is more suitable than using excess cash for other units, acquiring competitors, or just focusing on product improvements, as it directly addresses the need to build a stronger market position in a growing market.
NEW QUESTION # 95
The most relevant measure of customer service performance Is:
- A. positive customer feedback as a percentage of customer feedback.
- B. service promised to the customer against service measured by the supplier.
- C. customer complaints received as a percentage of orders shipped.
- D. service perceived by the customer against service expected by the customer.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Customer service performance is the degree to which a company meets or exceeds the expectations of its customers in terms of the quality, timeliness, and satisfaction of the service provided. The most relevant measure of customer service performance is the service perceived by the customer against the service expected by the customer, also known as the service quality gap. This measure captures the difference between what customers expect from a service and what they actually receive, and reflects the level of customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction. A positive service quality gap indicates that the service exceeded the expectations, while a negative service quality gap indicates that the service fell short of the expectations. The other options are not as relevant as the service quality gap because they do not account for the customer's perspective or perception of the service. Service promised to the customer against service measured by the supplier is an internal measure of service performance, but it does not reflect how the customer perceives the service. Customer complaints received as a percentage of orders shipped is a measure ofservice failure, but it does not capture the positive feedback or the silent dissatisfied customers. Positive customer feedback as a percentage of customer feedback is a measure of service satisfaction, but it does not account for the customer's expectations or the service quality dimensions. References:
CPIM Part 2 Exam Content Manual, p. 67
Customer Service Metrics: Top 10 to Measure
20 Customer Service KPIs You Need To Know
NEW QUESTION # 96
Which of the following capacity planning methods uses the master production schedule (MPS) as its primary input?
- A. Resource planning
- B. Finite loading
- C. Input/output analysis
- D. Rough-cut capacity planning (RCCP)
Answer: D
Explanation:
Rough-cut capacity planning (RCCP) is a type of capacity planning method that uses the master production schedule (MPS) as its primary input. RCCP is a technique for checking the feasibility of the MPS by comparing the available capacity of critical resources (such as machines, labor, or materials) with the capacity required by the MPS. RCCP helps to identify and resolve any potential capacity problems or bottlenecks at an aggregate level, before committing to the MPS. RCCP can also be used to evaluate alternative MPS scenarios and to support the sales and operations planning (S&OP) process12. References: 1 Rough Cut Capacity Planning (RCCP) - Definition, Example, and ... 3 2 CPIM Exam References - Association for Supply Chain Management
NEW QUESTION # 97
The question below is based on the following information:
Beginning inventory = 43Week 1Week 2Week 3
Forecast202020
Customer orders221710
Projected on-hand
Master production schedule (MPS)80
Available-to-promise (ATP)
What is the largest customer order that could be accepted for delivery at the end of week 3 without making changes to the master production schedule (MPS)?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Answer: A
Explanation:
Available-to-promise (ATP) is the uncommitted portion of a company's inventory and planned production maintained in the master schedule to support customer-order promising. ATP is calculated by subtracting the customer orders and forecast from the projected on-hand inventory. The projected on-hand inventory is calculated by adding the beginning inventory and the master production schedule (MPS) and subtracting the customer orders.The largest customer order that could be accepted for delivery at the end of week 3 without making changes to the MPS is the ATP at the end of week 3. To calculate the ATP, we need to fill in the projected on-hand inventory for each week using the given information:
Table
Week
Forecast
Customer Orders
MPS
Projected On-Hand Inventory
ATP
1
20
22
0
43 + 0 - 22 = 21
21 - 20 = 1
2
20
17
0
21 + 0 - 17 = 4
4 - 20 = -16
3
20
10
80
4 + 80 - 10 = 74
74 - 20 = 54
The ATP at the end of week 3 is 54, which means that the company can promise 54 units of inventory to customers without changing the MPS. However, the question asks for the largest customer order that could be accepted, which means that we need to consider the existing customer orders as well. The customer orders for week 3 are 10, which means that the company has already committed 10 units of inventory to customers.
Therefore, the largest customer order that could be accepted for delivery at the end of week 3 is 54 + 10 = 64 units. However, this is not one of the options given in the question. The closest option that is less than or equal to 64 is 61, which is option C12 References: 1: CPIM Part 1 - Section A - Module 1 - Session 4 - Master Scheduling 2: CPIM Part 1 - Section A - Module 1 - Session 5 - Available to Promise
NEW QUESTION # 98
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